Summary
To facilitate access to safe water and sanitation services, environmental education and risk prevention to the families that inhabit the vulnerable areas around the Tungurahua volcano, in order to contribute to improve their life quality.
Background
The Tungurahua volcano started a new eruptive process on 1999. Since then, several events affected the population located around this volcano, mainly on 2001 and beginning of 2006.
This event directly damaged several towns of the Tungurahua and Chimborazo Provinces. On small villages located around this volcano, the effect was more harmful because of the partial or total destruction of houses and the productive substructure of this zone.
Additionally, damages to agriculture and cattle, main source of income of most families affected, had a very negative impact, due to hundreds of planted acres were lost and the pastures, that are the main source of food for the livestock of the zone, are contaminated with volcanic ash. The water supply system, used for the human consumption as well as for irrigation and animal consumption, is also contaminated.
Damages to people’s health are also critical. So far, the death of four people and hundred of injured, needing urgent medial attention, was reported. Additionally, the ash fall caused respiratory problems, eye and skin irritation and also gastro-intestinal diseases.
Several public and private organizations are helping in different action fields such us: water and sanitation, security, food, shelters management, agriculture and livestock assistant, road access rehabilitation, etc.
According to the technical-scientific organism in charge of monitoring this volcano (The Geophysical Institute of the Escuela Politécnica Nacional), the actual eruptive process can continue with similar events to those registered on August 17th 2006, and will be necessary to take measures to decrease the risks for the future of the population.Related to water and sanitation
In order to get a closer look to the real consequences of the volcanic eruption on human consumption water supply systems and the conditions of sanitation services on the region, several institutions like Central Red Cross, Chimborazo Red Cross, Tungurahua Red Cross, Red Cross International Federation, CARE Ecuador, Housing and Urban Development Ministry (MIDUVI), have sent professionals for evaluation visits.
The results of the evaluation process of 21 water systems of Tungurahua and Chimborazo, allowed us to identify the following aspects:
1. -Status and operation of human consumption water supply systems, facing the impact of Tungurahua eruption:
− People from towns visited, are receiving water service, in spite of water systems have exceeded the useful life period. The units are deteriorated and have limited operations.
− The water systems structure (filters, impounding and others) are vulnerable to ash contamination during eruption and after it, because of rain and wind effects.
− A high percentage of pipe damaging was identified.